In the early 7th century, the Islamic prophet Muhammad united the population of Arabian Peninsula and created a single Islamic religious polity.
The world's second-largest religion, Islam, emerged in what is now Saudi Arabia. Pre-Islamic Arabia, the territory that constitutes modern-day Saudi Arabia, was the site of several ancient cultures and civilizations the prehistory of Saudi Arabia shows some of the earliest traces of human activity in the world. The country is home to Mecca and Medina, the two holiest cities in Islam. Saudi Arabia is the only country with a coastline along both the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, and most of its terrain consists of arid desert, lowland, steppe, and mountains. The Gulf of Aqaba in the northwest separates Saudi Arabia from Egypt. Bahrain is an island country off the east coast. It is bordered by the Red Sea to the west Jordan, Iraq, and Kuwait to the north the Persian Gulf, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates to the east Oman to the southeast and Yemen to the south. It has a land area of about 2,150,000 km 2 (830,000 sq mi), making it the fifth-largest country in Asia, the second-largest in the Arab world, and the largest in Western Asia.
Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ( KSA), is a country on the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia.
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